Is the fact that life has been found (observed) on planet earth sufficient premises to conclude that there must be life on another celestial body in the universe? Or, is the fact that life on earth did not exist four billion years ago enough to believe that probably life will remain in existence on earth for no more than several billion years, and will become extinct once again at some point? Many people tend to draw these flawed conclusions based on reason from observations that have been conditioned by an “observer selection effect” or an “anthropic bias.” Making Political Predictions An observer selection effect is a bias that occurs due to the limitations that are